Longan is a tropical fruit tree closely related to lychee, producing clusters of small, brown-skinned fruit with translucent white flesh and a distinctive musky sweetness. It is well-established in coastal Queensland and has become increasingly popular in subtropical and warm temperate regions. Tracked varieties include Haew (a Thai variety producing large, high-quality fruit, widely considered the premium table selection) and Kohala (a Hawaiian variety suited to slightly cooler conditions, commonly sold as marcotted trees). Longan needs a cool, dry period in winter to initiate flowering, but cannot tolerate frost. This makes it better suited to cooler subtropical areas than lychee. Trees prefer deep, well-drained, acidic soil (pH 5.5-6.5) and regular moisture during fruit development. Mulch heavily to retain soil moisture and suppress weeds. Fertilise with a balanced tropical fertiliser, avoiding excessive nitrogen once trees are mature. Longan produces fruit in clusters from December to February in most Australian regions. In WA, longan can be grown successfully in the Kimberley and in frost-free coastal Perth gardens with warm microclimates. Movement of longan plant material into WA should be confirmed with state biosecurity authorities. Marcotted (air-layered) trees maintain true-to-type performance and are preferred over seedlings.